Introduction to knit fabrics one of the most frequent questions we are asked at girl charlee is what are the differences between your knit fabrics. Knitting glass fiberarts magazine summer issue 2011 pdf. The test results of the pilling tendency are given in table 5 and fig. Read up on what you need to know about this 3rd major class of textile. Standard test method for stretch properties of knitted. This paper has investigated the porosity of knitted fabrics using digital imaging techniques. It is a knitted fabric with napped back, therefore the material has good heatshielding properties. The demands from fabrics have changed with developments in textile technology and the rise of peoples living standards. Jerseyknit materials are knitted with two yarns feeding simultaneously into the same knitting needles.
In every steps of a processing every responsive person is. The reason for using yarns with different linear densities is the lack of machines which can process yarns with one linear. The knitting machines use one or more needles of different types to manufacture fabrics. For these properties, interlock is often used for makingup childrens clothes. Depending on the size of the rib, rib knits are available as 11 rib kit, 22 rib knit and 3 3 rib knit and even 6 6 knit. Depending on the design of fabrics, knitted fabrics are. Knitted fabric structures can be created by hand, commonly seen in sweaters, but usually, to manufacture commercial garments, knitting machines are used to manufacture fabrics of different types. Another possible application of knitted fabrics in construction is textile reinforced concrete.
In every mill, there maintains a sequence in production processing. There are warp knitted structures developed especially for this purpose like the one shown in fig. The structure of warp knitted each loop in vertical direction which is made from different threads and to the number of loops in horizontal row which the number of thread used to produce such a fabric at least. Weaving and knitting differ for interlacing techniques of yarn. Iso 16322 standard, part 2 5, spirality or torque in fabrics are defined as fabric conditions, wherein fill ing yarns or knitted courses are angularly displaced. Dec 11, 2015 for that reason knitted fabric manufacturer always try to produce their fabric defects free, but several defects may occur in the products process. Knitted fabrics figure 12 are created by intermeshing loops of yarns using knitting needles leong et al. Knitted yard goods fabrics are produced in both narrow and wide widths. The plating yarn was a 44 dtex bare elastane from creora, plated at every feeder. Different types of knitted fabrics online clothing study.
The terminology surrounding knit fabrics can be a little confusing, especially if you are new to the wonderful world of knits. Pdf study on different types of knitting faults, causes. The total process of producing woven fabric is known as weaving. A fabric knit of wool knit materials is made on the tricot therefore will hold its shape better machine. Different knitting machines are use to perform this techniques. The results showed that this method is capable of grading various weftknitted fabrics with different fabric structures, densities and yarn types. An example of weftknit fabrics are those used in sweaters and hosiery. I would like to discuss about the major defects of knitted fabric. Mar 10, 2017 knowing the different types of knit fabrics is the key to level up your sewing skills. Thermal comfort properties of some knitted structures fibres. Knitting is a method by which yarn is manipulated to create a textile or fabric.
This lesson is a continuation of our intro to knit fabrics part 1 lesson. All of these fabrics use different types of natural fibers in place of cotton or polyester, and they are generally more expensive. Pdf the influence of knitted fabrics structure on the. In textile industry, woven fabrics are made by using two sets of yarn by interlacing among them. Others work aimed to classify defects in knitted fabrics by using image analysis and neutral network algorithm or fuzzy logic. From the analysis it is seen that for single jersey fabrics areal density, fabric width, resistance to pilling, width shrinkage increases with the increase of tuck stitch. In terms of production, knitting is the most widely used fabric after weaving. Knitted fabrics and their properties linkedin slideshare. One of the yarns is called the loop yarn, the other the ground yarn. Different types of knit fabric collection fabric fabric is one kind of yarn sheet that have a bond which may be made by chemical or mechanical bond and for that which earns strength and show many properties. Introduction to knit fabrics university of fashion.
The yarns used were a 30% outlastviscose 70% cotton, 14. French terry is one of the most delicate and comfortable for body material. Plain knitted fabrics are produced by using one set. Conventional textiles like clothing, sheets, towels, upholstery, and curtains are made from woven knitted fabrics. In the quality controlling process of knitted fabric it is compulsory to consider knitted garments quality parameters. In textile industry faults are frequently occurred and stitch length has a direct effect on these faults. Technical textiles include woven, nonwoven, knitted and braided fabrics. Interlock is a great beginners knit to sew on its generally a little thicker and more stable than other knits, which means it sews up a lot like a woven. Process of preventing curling of the edges of knitted open mesh fabrics, comprising the steps of guiding at least the edge portions of one face of said fabric over a heated surface, and applying to the corresponding edge portions of the other face of said fabric a thermoplastic stiffening material. When knitted fabrics are allowed to relax off the knitting machine, they will skew. For changing the stitch length at same count at three same diametric double jersey knitting machine on same rib structure we found the effect of stitch length on common knit fabric faults. We start by demonstrating the difference between woven and knit fabrics and then how knits are structured.
Effect of knitted structure on the properties of knitted fabric. Same weave fabrics may vary by yarn size or twist, fiber, count, color, design, or finish. Process of preventing curling of the edges of knitted fabrics. Types of woven and knitted fabrics and their comparison. Fabrics are produced from a set of warp or weft yarn. Characteristics of fabrics knitted with basic knitting. Knitted fabrics with the basic knitting forms of rljersey, rrribbed and rrinterlock were produced from these yarns. One of the two main classifications of knitted fabrics. This lesson is the first in our 7part series on working with knit fabrics. A defect of the knitted fabric is an abnormality which spoils the aesthetics i. These additional yarns are not knit, rather they are held by the loops in each course of the fabric.
The inserted yarn may be decorative or functional like stretch yarn. The processes in which fabrics are produced by set of connect loops from a series of yarns in warp or weft direction is defined as knitting. They are trying to add various modern facilities to the sweater fabrics. Due to their cost i havent sewn much with these, although i did get a good deal on a bamboo knit which i know lots of sewists love from girl charlee. It is observed that the pilling tendencies of fabrics which have been knitted from compact yarns are lower than that of the fabrics knitted from ring combed yarns. Two knitted fabrics can be joined by embroiderybased grafting methods, most commonly the kitchener stitch. If the loops are stretched in any direction, they tend to return to their. Knitted fabrics knitting fabric manufacturers, suppliers. Jan 25, 2017 while production of nonwoven fabrics only requires a few steps, production of woven or knitted fabrics requires that the fibers be made into yarn firstthen those yarns must be woven or knitted into fabrics. Chapter 9 knitted fabrics and their properties knit fragments dating back to 250 bc compared to 9,000 years for wovens introduced to europe by the arabs did not gain popularity until around 1,000 ad 2. Yarn traverses from side to side or around, interacting with the needles to form new fabric stitches.
Plain we are one of the reliable knitted cotton fabric exporters, catering to the diverse requirements of the esteemed customers. Tightness of the knitting construction, fabric relaxation and finishing processes also have considerable influence on the extent of spirality3. To suit a variety of enduse specifications, fabric weight can vary from 300 to 2000 gm2 of fabric special applications, while the supporting layer of mat or veil can range from 100 to 450 gm2. Weft insertion fabrics are weft knitted fabrics in which an additional yarn is inserted for each course. Structurc of tows of loops hanging on other rows of loops, is made by pulling loops through loops. Knitted fabric is widely used in clothing because of its unique and. Knit fabric 12 main types to make clothes with sew guide. In the manufacturing process of knitted garments we can identify basic knitted fabric parameters. Experts estimate that their annual consumption is increasing by 3,8 % in average and it can reach about 24 million tons in 2010. The physical characteristics of these fabrics are given in table 2. Standard test method for stretch properties of knitted fabrics having low power1 this standard is issued under the. An example is a pair of 97% polyamide, 3% lycra warp knit tights. The results showed that this method is capable of grading various weft knitted fabrics with different fabric structures, densities and yarn types. There are different types of defects found in knitted fabric, but the defects of knitted fabric is less than woven fabric.
It is a knitted fabric with napped back, therefore the material has good heatshielding. Oct 25, 2016 in the quality controlling process of knitted fabric it is compulsory to consider knitted garments quality parameters. There are various types of defects which occur in the knitted fabrics. Figure 3 knit fabric skew or torque caused by wale loop distortion. One set of yarn is known as warp yarn another one is weft yarn. Interlock is made from 100% cotton and is perfectly breathable.
The second most common method of fabric manufacturing after weaving is knitting. In weaving, warp and weft yarn are used for producing woven fabric. Digital imaging is an adequate technique to determine the porosity of highporosity fabrics. Basic knitted fabrics include stockinette stitch, reverse stockinette stitch, garter stitch, seed stitch, faggoting, and tricot. To satisfy the present sweater fabrics demand, various sweater manufacturing companies are trying heart and soul. The influence of knitted fabrics structure on the thermal. Textile reinforced concrete has the advantage that it is much lighter than the one reinforced by steel bars. We will teach you about how knits are made and about the different types of yarns, so that when. In fact, most beginners dread to use stretchy fabrics in their sewing projects. The most popular fabric knit than a fabric knit of cotton in the on this machine is made of two sets of same construction.
A number in parentheses indicates the year of last. Woven fabric may produce from hand loom or power loom. Shop jersey knit, double knit, interlock knit and other knit fabrics that will satisfy even the most selective of projects. Compared to the other two classes, knitted fabrics are much more elastic, which accounts for their historical use in stockings and other clothing that requires changes in shape. Cardigans, sweaters, camisoles etc are usually made with rib knit fabric. The basic types of knit fabrics to level up your skills. You will learn the meaning of terms like knit and purl, wale and course and how a weft knit differs from a warp knit.
Knitting technology definition and types of knitted. Knitted yard goods are used extensively for the manufacture of apparel such as activewear, tshirts, underwear, lingerie, and sleepwear. Because these parameters are always affect to change the quality of garment. Day by day the demand of sweater fabrics is increasing rapidly. A number of different methods have been proposed to determine the porosity of knitted fabrics, which include digital imaging, geometrical modeling, and air permeability.
Determination of knitted fabric porosity using digital. The knitted stitches in warp knit fabrics have a crisscross diagonal appearance which feels smoother than weft knits. New wales can be begun from any of the edges of a knitted fabric. Knitting process is the main activities for producing knit goods.
All these methods are not completely reliable because image analysis of knitted fabrics involves difficulties due to the loop structures and yarn hairiness, compare to woven fabrics consisting of neat warp and weft yarns. We know that, fabric is the main raw material in the manufacturing process of garments. Fabrics can be balanced, with the same amount of fiber used in both the x and y axis or unbalanced with added fiber in one axis to provide more reinforcement strength in that direction. A wide variety of types of knitted fabric options are available to you, such as supply type, use, and pattern. While production of nonwoven fabrics only requires a few steps, production of woven or knitted fabrics requires that the fibers be made into yarn firstthen those yarns must be woven or knitted into fabrics. In the manufacturing process of knitted garments we.
Knitting is the interlocking of one or more yarns through a series of loops. When the fabric is knitted, one yarn appears on the face and the other on the back. Knitted fabrics 349 knitted fabrics a knitted fabric, 3. Faultsdefects in the knitted fabrics textile learner. Spirality of cotton plain knitted fabrics with respect to. The structure of weft knitted fabrics is different from that of warp knitted fabrics. Among these, knitted fabrics are a small percentage. Advantages and disadvantages of knitted fabricsailige textile. Definition and types of knitted fabrics circular knitting. Shirt, trouser, denim and jeans are the example of woven fabric.
Cotton interlock knit interlock is a great beginners knit to sew on its generally a little thicker and more stable than other knits, which means it sews up a lot like a woven. Flat and circular weft knitting machines as well as warp knitting machines are used to manufacture knitted yard goods. Knitted fabrics and knitting technology play very important role on the fields of technical and medical textiles and their importance is ever greater. See more ideas about wefts, knitting, threads magazine. The influence of knitted fabrics structure on the thermal and moisture management properties article pdf available in journal of engineered fibers and fabrics 64. Depending on the direction in which the loops are formed, knitted fabrics may be broadly categorized into two types warp knitted fabrics figure 12a and weft knitted fabrics figure 12b. In this study we have done study on knit fabric faults and their causes. For that reason knitted fabric manufacturer always try to produce their fabric defects free, but several defects may occur in the products process. Knowing the different types of knit fabrics is the key to level up your sewing skills. In some cases, these fabrics appear differently on the right side as seen when making the stitch than on the wrong side as seen from the other side, when the work is turned. Use one thread runs in horizontal direction to make a horizontal row of loops. It is also very frequently referred to as a single jersey fabric single fabric. Study on different types of knitting faults, causes and.
By controlling the loop stitch geometry and density, a wide variety of knitted. The method of creating knitted terry and knitted velour fabrics. Application of knitted fabrics in technical and medical. When designing a garment out of knit fabric, there are many things you need to know. If cotton yarn is warp yarns and is commonly called a firmly knit, however, the fabric will twobar tricot. Major defects of knitted fabric textile merchandising. About 3% of these are 100% cotton fabric, 35% are knitted fabric, and 26% are 100% polyester fabric. Using knitted fabrics allows for significant part or laminate design flexibility and is widely used in boat building, transportation, wind blades and. What are the main differences between weaving and knitting. We present one of the finest collections of the cotton knitted fabric that are being widely used. Warp knitting is a method of fabric formation in which the loops are made in a vertical way along the length of the fabric from each warp yarns. Simulating knitted cloth at the yarn level cornell computer science. Application of knitted fabrics in technical and medical textiles.
Jan 31, 2017 knitted fabrics and their properties 1. Cotton interlock knit is another common knit type, and this is one youll be able to find at your local fabric store joann, etc. May 17, 2017 knitted fabric structures can be created by hand, commonly seen in sweaters, but usually, to manufacture commercial garments, knitting machines are used to manufacture fabrics of different types. Knitted fabric is a textile that results from knitting. Kc knitted fabrics have better handling properties than either mat or woven roving and, due to their porosity, offer short lamination times. Knitted fabrics are the third major class of fabrics, after woven and nonwoven fabrics. Skewness and spirality of knitted structures posevnost in. Well teach you about the 4 characteristics of knit fabrics, what it means when a knit fabric has 1way, 2way or 4way stretch, and all about the 6 categories of stretch ratio.
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